Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
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Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Krušnu ti mrvu yebem a tam na onom netovom forumu su ti usta bila puna hvale za Židove i državu Izrael sad tu kažeš, on je vaš Žid? Koji su to tvoji židi?marcellus wrote:a šta serete eva i svetac, pa ta udruga je od Soroša, on to financira, kao i dovlačenje kozojeba u europu, a on je vaš žid
provocator- Posts : 5404
2015-08-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Meni isti quratz zidi,arapi ovi oni...doma i svoje je najljepse i najbolje ma kako god bilo
vuksadinare- Posts : 100240
2015-09-08
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Otkako su arapske izbjeglice krenule na stari kontinent, treba primjetiti jedan drugi trend, a to je da sve više Židova napušta EU, i ide u Izrael. Dakle, Židi Cionisti imaju razlog za slavlje.
_________________
I ask not for a lighter burden, but for broader shoulders.
AlfaOmega- Posts : 10386
2015-09-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
iskreno,nasladjujem se samo pičkastošću samih Europljana kako su njonjavi i picasti,a o postivanj vlastitih granica da ne pricam..I sad sto bih trebao?? Pa naravno da Europa mora da se resetira,htio ja to ili ne,ali to nije moja krivica,nego njonjavih i pičkastih Europljana..asilovski wrote:dobro nije to baš bilo koji židov a i ne vidim da se netko od židova buni što ovaj hoće uništiti Evropur_nevjesta wrote:koji 'argument' :D a ti se naravno uvijek slažeš sa svime što smisli i radi bilo koji Hrvat, evo npr. Čačić ili Kajin, .. i podržavaš to, samo zato što su naši, Hrvati?
Guest- Guest
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
IL ti možda ne znaš citat šta ja pišem ?r_nevjesta wrote:ti si definitivno sve luđi i luđi, jesi li uopće svjestan što lupetaš, ili si na nekim teškim drogama
daj se saberi, jbt
Odgovori na sljedece pitanje : Na koliki postotak od dijeteta muškarac ima pravo ?
1 ) 0 %
2) 50%
3) 100%
Sad živiš u matirjahu koji te štiti al kad uvedemo patrijah za krivi odgovor letit ti glava sa ramena.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Usput možda je trebalo ponudit i odgovor : - ( minus 100 % ) ....jer u usštini dijeca idu vama a njemu idu obaveze da ih i dalje placa pa mi to ispada kao vi dobivate sve i onda vam to još netko finacira.
Dakle :
4 ) - ( minus ) 150 ili 200 %
Dakle :
4 ) - ( minus ) 150 ili 200 %
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Bezobrazne ste ....i ne pristajete na kompromise poradi optimalnog riješenja.
Egoisticne i bezporazne do bola.
Egoisticne i bezporazne do bola.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Gadite mi se.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Ko kuca vam je ego velik. Da ja kažem a šta necu nikad jer imam istancan osjecja za pravdu i ne baziram je po egu nego po razumu da djeca pripadaju 100% muškome i još vi morate nadoplatiti troškove vi bi mi oci izvadile ....a cudite se kad ja kažem da vam treba pucat u glavu i sve vas pobit koja tako razmišlja ?
PA VI STE ČUDO.
PA VI STE ČUDO.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
VI STE CUDO KOJE CU JA USKORO PODAVIT U CAŠI VODE.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
r_nevjesta wrote:a Svetac i Eva podržavaju uvoz Arapa i uništenje Europe? koliko sam vidjela, to nije slučaj
i što ima veze koji je Židov u pitanju? ista je stvar kao i s Hrvatima ili Mađarima--ljudi podržavaju one 'svoje' s kojima se slažu i ne podržavaju one s kojima se ne slažu, i zato Marc priča gluposti.. Svetac i Eva se valjda trebaju osjećati 'krivima', jer je Soroš Židov koji ruši Europu ili što?
uostalom, Soroš je i Mađar, pa bi onda valjda i ti trebao 'dijeliti krivnju' s njim, iako ga mrziš kao kugu
Aj ne čudi me od nekih ali me čudi od Marcela da takvo nešto lupi iz vedra neba.
A šta da je taj Soroš Hrvat podrijetlom, dali bi onda isto pričao. Jako je nezahvalno
generalizirati. Osobno smatram tog Soroša bolesnikom i psihopatom. Ma nije mi jasno
da netko navodno školovan, educiran ide takve pizdarije pisati.
Yehudi- Posts : 14715
2014-04-20
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Nemoj se molim te samo jako ljutitiRayMabus wrote:VI STE CUDO KOJE CU JA USKORO PODAVIT U CAŠI VODE.
kaya- Posts : 31419
2015-08-15
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Meni nije bas najjasnije.RayMabus wrote:Dosta rasprave.
Necu se ponavljat.
PORUKU STE DOBILI A VI KAKO GOD HOĆETE ....SAMO NEMOJTE MI POSLI KUKAT NISMO ZNALI MI SMO MISLILI
DO JEDNE
RAZUMJETE LI ?
kaya- Posts : 31419
2015-08-15
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Bit će ti jasnije uskoro.
---------------------------------------
Tesla o ženama: Civilizacija će propasti jer žene žele biti ravnopravne s muškarcima
---------------------------------------
Tesla o ženama: Civilizacija će propasti jer žene žele biti ravnopravne s muškarcima
Danas je, navodi znanstvenik, takva žena nestala, a na njeno mjesto "došla je žena koja misli da je njen glavni uspjeh u životu u tome da se što više izjednači sa muškarcem, odijevanjem, glasom i postupcima, u sportovima i dostignućima svake vrste". - Žene postaju jače od muškaraca, i fizički i mentalno. Svijet je iskusio mnoge tragedije, ali po mom mišljenju najveća od svih tragedija je sadašnje ekonomsko stanje, u kom se žene nadmeću s muškarcima, i u mnogim slučajevima zaista i uspijevaju da zauzmu njihovo mjesto u profesijama i industriji. Ova rastuća tendencija žena da bace muškost u sjenu predstavlja znak propadanja civilizacije – rekao je Tesla, prenosi “Blic”. Kako je istakao Tesla u jednom intervjuu, žene kakve je obožavao su nestale, a zamijenile su ih one koje smatraju da u svemu treba da se izjednače s muškarcima. On je tada dodao da su sva dostignuća muškaraca bila inspirirana i nadahnuta ljubavlju ženi, ali da su žene umjesto pobjednica postale žrtve. - U njenom životu nema zadovoljstva. Ambiciozna je, često preko svojih prirodnih sposobnosti, da postigne sve što želi. Žene suviše često zaboravljaju da ne mogu sve biti primadone i filmske zvijezde – kaže Tesla. Znanstvenik iz Smiljana istaknuo je i da će zbog toga naša civilizacija potonuti u stanje koje nalazimo kod pčela, mrava i drugih insekata – u kom se mužjaci bezobzirno ubijaju. “U toj matrijarhalnoj imperiji bit će zavedena ženska pravila”, naveo je Tesla. „Praktično sva velika dostignuća muškarca dosad bila su nadahnuta njegovom ljubavlju i posvećenošću ženi. Muškarac je bio nadahnut za velike stvari jer je neka žena vjerovala u njega, jer je želio zaslužiti njeno divljenje i poštovanje. Zato se borio za nju i stalno iznova riskirao svoj život”, kaže Tesla.Nikola Tesla objasnio je u kolovozu 1924. u ekskluzivnoj izjavi 'Galvestone Daily News' zašto se nije nikada ženio. Kako se navodi, Tesla je najprije istaknuo da je žena superiornija u odnosu na muškarca, ali da je to bilo nekad.
On potom analizira posljedice želje suvremene žene da se izjednači sa muškarcem: Žene koje su neprestano uzbuđene zbog svoje ogromne ambicije da nadmaše muškarca u ovoj igri u isto vrijeme gube nešto što na kraju, čini mi se, vrijedi mnogo više nego što prazne počasti poslovnog ili profesionalnog uspjeha ikada mogu donijeti.” Na kraju, Tesla podsjeća da je povijest puna primjera predivnog utjecaja neobičnih žena. „Među njima su i majke velikih muškaraca. Ali njihov utjecaj ne leži u riješenosti da nadmaše muškarca, ni da se natječe s njim. Možda zato što predstavlja finiji i osjetljiviji instrument, žena instinktivno zna svoju moć i razumije da njen stupanj leži u visokom položaju koji zauzima. Ali ono što je uzvišeno nikada se ne spušta na razinu običnog”, zaključuje Tesla. Što je Tesla govorio o ženama "Moć prave žene je tako velika, da vjerujem da bi lijepa žena - a to će reći lijepa duhom, ponašanjem i mislima, lijepa u svakom pogledu, neka vrsta boginje - ako bi se iznenada pojavila na zemlji, mogla zapovijedati cijelim svijetom". Uredništvo 'Galvestona' o Teslinim stavovima "Ova gledišta gospodina Nikole Tesle bit će primljena s velikim interesovanjem, slagali se mi ili ne s idejom da žena u svojoj novoj ulozi predstavlja mračnu silu koja će srušiti i upropastiti čitavu našu društvenu strukturu. U pitanju je čovjek koji je, u principu, priznat kao jedan od najvećih umova našeg doba”, stoji u završnoj napomeni uredništva lista.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Ageing of Europe
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Percentage of the population over 65 in Europe
The ageing of Europe, also known as the greying of Europe, is a demographic phenomenon in Europe characterised by a decrease in fertility, a decrease in mortality rate, and a higher life expectancy among European populations.[1]
5 Regions
5.1 Central Europe and the Former USSR
6 See also
7 Further reading
8 References
9 External links
Giuseppe Carone and Declan Costello of the International Monetary Fund projected in September 2006 that the ratio of retirees to workers in Europe will double to 0.54 by 2050 (from four workers per retiree to two workers per retiree).[1][2] William H. Frey, an analyst for the Brookings Institution think tank, predicts the median age in Europe will increase from 37.7 years old in 2003 to 52.3 years old by 2050 while the median age of Americans will rise to only 35.4 years old.[citation needed]
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development estimates 39% of Europeans between the ages of 55 to 65 work. If Frey's prediction for Europe's rising median age is correct, Europe's economic output could radically decrease over the next four decades.[3]
Austria's Social Affairs Minister said in 2006 that, by 2010, the 55- to 64-year-old age bracket in the European Union would be larger than the 15- to 24-year-old bracket. The Economic Policy Committee and the European Commission issued a report in 2006 estimating the working age population in the EU will decrease by 48 million, a 16% reduction, between 2010 and 2050, while the elderly population will increase by 58 million, a gain of 77%.[citation needed]
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates the European Union will experience a 14% decrease in its workforce and a 7% decrease in its consumer populations by 2030.[4]
The causes of population ageing vary among countries.
There have been mixed feelings over their population's higher life expectancy and declining birth rate ever since the European countries were the first to start the demographic transition between the 18th and 19th century and perhaps even more since they've achieved it. Demographic studies and resultant reports conducted by the European Commission[5] point to the declining birth rate of the population of the native European peoples, which would need to be reversed from its present level of about 1.4 in order to preclude a population decline of the native European peoples by nearly half in each generation, back to a replacement level of 2.1. It has been (and would continue to be) considered necessary to allow migrants to settle in the homeland of the native European peoples in order to prevent labour shortages. It has been argued that immigration leads to ethnic conflicts, such as the 2005 civil unrest in France.[6][7][8]
The International Monetary Fund's (IMF) High Council of Finance's (HCF) Study Committee on Aging (SCA) predicted in 2007 that Belgium's population will increase by 5% by 2050 due to immigration, a higher fertility rate, and longer life expectancy. However, the IMF's study indicates Belgium's elderly population will increase by over 63% to over 25% of the country's overall population.[citation needed]
The Belgian government spent 9.1% of its GDP on pensions and 7.1% on health care expenses in 2005. By 2050 total social spending is expected to increase by 5.8%, assuming there is no change in the age of retirement. Most of this higher social spending comes from pension and health care, rising by 3.9% to 13.0% of GDP and 3.7% to 10.8% of GDP respectively.[citation needed]
The decline in the workforce will partly compensate by lowering unemployment which will in turn lower the cost of childcare.[9] The IMF also predicts that by 2050 the percentage of Belgian population over the age of 65 will increase from 16% to 25%.[10]
France overtook Ireland as the European Union member state with the highest birth-rate in 2007.[11] Projected birth rates indicate that France will have the largest population in the EU by 2050, with 75 million citizens, ahead of Germany.[12] In 2011, France was the only European Union member with a fertility rate at replacement level, with an average rate of 2.08 children per woman while Ireland's fertility rate declined to 2.01 children per woman, slightly below replacement level.[13]
"The total fertility rate (TFR) fell to 1.99 children per woman in 2013 from 2.01 in 2012 and 2.03 in 2010. A rate of 2.1 children per woman is considered necessary to keep the population growing excluding migration."[14][full citation needed]
Population of German territories 1800–2000 and immigrant population from 1975 to 2000
With 82 million inhabitants in January 2010,[15] Germany is the most populous country in the European Union. However, its fertility rate of 1.42 children per woman is one of the lowest in the world,[13] and the federal statistics office estimates the population will shrink to between 65 and 70 million by 2060 (65 million assuming a net migration of +100,000 per year; 70 million assuming a net migration of +200,000 per year).[16] With death rates continuously exceeding low-level birth rates, Germany is one of a few countries for which the demographic transition model would require a fifth stage in order to capture its demographic development.[17] In Germany, the population in some regions, especially the former Communist East, is undergoing a current decline and depopulization. The Bauhaus Dessau Foundation came up with comprehensive plans to tear down numerous buildings and replace them with parks in various cities[7] and the Government of Germany developed a plan to reduce at great expense the width of sewer pipes in various cities. The southern states however have net gain in population and Germany as the economic powerhouse of the EU is attracting immigrants overall.
Italy will need to raise its retirement age to 77 or admit 2.2 million immigrants annually to maintain its worker to retiree ratio.[18] About 25% of Italian women do not have children while another 25% only have one child.
The region of Liguria in northwestern Italy now has the highest ratio of elderly to youth in the world. Ten percent of Liguria's schools closed in the first decade of the 21st century. The city of Genoa, one of Italy's largest and the capital of Liguria, is declining faster than most European cities with a death rate of 13.7 deaths per 1,000 people, almost twice the birth rate, 7.7 births per 1,000 people, as of 2005.[citation needed]
The Italian government has tried to limit and reverse the trend by offering financial incentives to couples who have children, and by increasing immigration. While fertility has remained stagnant, immigration has minimised the drop in the workforce.[19]
Portugal's population census of 1994 found that 13.1% of the population was above the age of 65. Average life expectancy for Portuguese increased by eight years between the 1980s and the first decade of the 21st century.[20]
In the 1960s life expectancy for men ranked comparatively low in relation to other Western European nations, with 61.2 years for men and 67.5 years for women. As of 2006, the average for both sexes was at 77.7 years. In 1999 demographers predicted the percentage of elderly Portuguese would increase to 16.2% and 17.6% in 2010.[21]
Recent studies in the newspaper "Público" showed that the population may shrink to 7.5 millions (−29% of the current population, −0.7% of average populational growth per year) in 2050, if the fertility rate continues at 1.45 children/woman; taking into account the almost stationary emigration due to the economic crisis.[citation needed] In 2011, Portugal's fertility rate reached 1.51 children per woman, stemming the decline in the nation's fertility rate, although it is still below replacement level.[13]
In 1970, Spain's TFR, 2.9 children per woman, ranked second in Western Europe after Republic of Ireland's 3.9 children per woman. By 1993 Spanish fertility declined to 1.26 children per woman, the second lowest after Italy.[citation needed]
In 1999, Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros, Juan Díez-Nicolás, and Antonio Ruiz-Torres of Autónoma University in Madrid published a study on Spain's demography, predicting life expectancy of 77.7 for males and 83.8 for females by 2020.[22] Arup Banerji and economist Mukesh Chawla of the World Bank predicted in July 2007 that half of Spain's population will be older than 55 by 2050, giving Spain the highest median age of any nation in the world.
In recent years, Spain's fertility rate has grown from 1.15 children per woman in 2000 to 1.48 in 2011.[13]
The UK had a fertility rate of 1.94 in 2008 according to World Bank and a rate of 1.92 children per woman in 2010 according to the CIA Factbook.[13][23] The second highest fertility rate of the European powers just below France at 2. It is expected that the United Kingdom's population will rise to 76.8 million by 2050.[24]
Population (in millions) of Russia 1950 – January 2010.
The current Russian total fertility rate of 1.7 children per woman.[25] While this represents an increase over previous rates, it remains sub-replacement fertility, below the replacement rate of 2.10 - 2.14.
The population of the Russian Federation declined from its peak of 148,689,000 in 1991, to about 143 million people in 2013, a 4% decline. The World Bank predicted in 2005 that the population was set to decrease to 111 million by 2050, a 22% decline, if trends did not improve.[26] The United Nations similarly warned that the population could decline by one third by mid-century.[27]
In 2006 a national programme was developed with a goal to reverse the decline by 2020. A study published shortly after in 2007 showed that the rate of population decrease had slowed: According to the study, deaths exceeded births by 1.3 times, down from 1.5 times in the previous year, thus, if the net decrease in January–August 2006 was 408,200 people, in the same period during 2007 it was 196,600. The decline continued to slow in 2008 with only half the population loss compared to 2007. The reversal continued at the same pace in 2009 as death rates continued to fall, birth rates continued to rise and net migration stayed steady at about 250,000; in 2009 Russia saw population growth for the first time in 15 years.[28][29]
The trend in the number of births and deaths 1992–2010.
The number of Russians living in poverty has halved since the economic crisis following the breakup of the Soviet Union, and the improving economy has had a positive impact on the country's low birth-rate, as it rose from its lowest point of 8.27 births per 1000 people in 1999 to 11.28 per 1000 in 2007.[15][32] Russian Ministry of Economic Development hopes that by 2020 the population will stabilise at 138–139 million, and that by 2025 it will begin to increase again to its present-day status of 142–145, also raising the life expectancy to 75 years.[33]
The two leading causes of death in Russia are heart disease and stroke, accounting for about 52% of all deaths.[34] While cardiovascular disease-related deaths decreased in Japan, North America, and Western Europe between 1965 and 2001, in Russia CVD deaths increased by 25% for women and 65% for men.
The percentage of infertile, married couples rose to 13% in the first decade of the 21st century, partially due to poorly performed abortions. According to expert Murray Feshbach 10–20% of women who have abortions in Russia are made infertile, though according to the 2002 census, only about 6–7% of women have not had children by the end of their reproductive years.[35][36]
Provincial governments have begun offering special incentives to couples who procreate. In 2005 Sergei Morozov, the Governor of Ulyanovsk, made 12 September a provincial holiday, the "Day of Conception," on which couples are given half of the work day off to copulate.
Mothers who give birth on 12 June, Russia's national day, are rewarded with money and expensive consumer items. In the first round of the competition 311 women participated and 46 babies were born on the following 12 June. Over 500 women participated in the second round in 2006 and 78 gave birth. The province's birth rate rose 4.5% between 2006 and 2007.[37]
Large-scale immigration is suggested as a solution to declining workforces in western nations, but according to the BBC, would be unacceptable to most Russians. Organizations like the World Health Organization and the UN have called on the Russian government to take the problem more seriously, stressing that a number of simple measures such as raising the price of alcohol or forcing people to wear seat belts might make a lasting difference.[27] In January 2010, in an effort to combat bootlegged vodka, the government set a minimum price for vodka, more than doubling the cost of the cheapest vodka on the market which is often much more hazardous to consume than legal vodka.[38]
Then-President Vladimir Putin said in a state of the nation address that "no sort of immigration will solve Russia's demographic problem". Yevgeny Krasinyev, head of migration studies at the state-run Institute of Social and Economic Population Studies in Moscow, said Russia should only accept immigrants from the Commonwealth of Independent States, a view echoed by Alexander Belyakov, the head of the Duma's Resources Committee.
Migration in Russia grew by 50.2% in 2007, and an additional 2.7% in 2008, helping stem the population decline. Migrants to Russia primarily come from CIS states and are Russians or Russian speakers.[39] Thousands of migrant workers from Ukraine, Moldova, and the rest of the CIS have also entered Russia illegally, working but avoiding taxes.[40] There are an estimated 10 million illegal immigrants from the ex-Soviet states in Russia.[41]
The World Bank issued a report on 20 June 2007, "From Red To Grey: 'The Third Transition' of Aging Populations In central Europe and the Former Soviet Union," predicting that between 2007 and 2027 the populations of Georgia and Ukraine will decrease by 17% and 24% respectively.[42] The World Bank estimates the population of 65 or older citizens in Poland and Slovenia will increase from 13% to 21% and 16% to 24% respectively between 2005 and 2025
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ageing_of_Europe
Tako ću vas izbrisat s mape da je to milina ...A JEL ZNATE ZAŠTO ?
ZATO ŠTA SE DEMONI HRANE VAŠIM EGOM.
VI STE NJIHOV DORUCAK , RUCAK I VECERA.
IMA DA VAS OGLOĐAJU DO KOSTI.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article's lead section may not adequately summarize key points of its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. (May 2014) |
Percentage of the population over 65 in Europe
The ageing of Europe, also known as the greying of Europe, is a demographic phenomenon in Europe characterised by a decrease in fertility, a decrease in mortality rate, and a higher life expectancy among European populations.[1]
Contents
- 1 Overall trends
- 2 Causes
- 3 Consequences
- 4 Countries
- 4.1 Belgium
- 4.2 France
- 4.3 Germany
- 4.4 Italy
- 4.5 Portugal
- 4.6 Spain
- 4.7 United Kingdom
- 4.8 The Russian Federation
Overall trends
Main article: Historical population of the worldGiuseppe Carone and Declan Costello of the International Monetary Fund projected in September 2006 that the ratio of retirees to workers in Europe will double to 0.54 by 2050 (from four workers per retiree to two workers per retiree).[1][2] William H. Frey, an analyst for the Brookings Institution think tank, predicts the median age in Europe will increase from 37.7 years old in 2003 to 52.3 years old by 2050 while the median age of Americans will rise to only 35.4 years old.[citation needed]
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development estimates 39% of Europeans between the ages of 55 to 65 work. If Frey's prediction for Europe's rising median age is correct, Europe's economic output could radically decrease over the next four decades.[3]
Austria's Social Affairs Minister said in 2006 that, by 2010, the 55- to 64-year-old age bracket in the European Union would be larger than the 15- to 24-year-old bracket. The Economic Policy Committee and the European Commission issued a report in 2006 estimating the working age population in the EU will decrease by 48 million, a 16% reduction, between 2010 and 2050, while the elderly population will increase by 58 million, a gain of 77%.[citation needed]
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates the European Union will experience a 14% decrease in its workforce and a 7% decrease in its consumer populations by 2030.[4]
Causes
Main article: Population ageingThe causes of population ageing vary among countries.
Consequences
Main article: Opposition to immigrationThere have been mixed feelings over their population's higher life expectancy and declining birth rate ever since the European countries were the first to start the demographic transition between the 18th and 19th century and perhaps even more since they've achieved it. Demographic studies and resultant reports conducted by the European Commission[5] point to the declining birth rate of the population of the native European peoples, which would need to be reversed from its present level of about 1.4 in order to preclude a population decline of the native European peoples by nearly half in each generation, back to a replacement level of 2.1. It has been (and would continue to be) considered necessary to allow migrants to settle in the homeland of the native European peoples in order to prevent labour shortages. It has been argued that immigration leads to ethnic conflicts, such as the 2005 civil unrest in France.[6][7][8]
Countries
Belgium
Main article: Demographics of BelgiumThe International Monetary Fund's (IMF) High Council of Finance's (HCF) Study Committee on Aging (SCA) predicted in 2007 that Belgium's population will increase by 5% by 2050 due to immigration, a higher fertility rate, and longer life expectancy. However, the IMF's study indicates Belgium's elderly population will increase by over 63% to over 25% of the country's overall population.[citation needed]
The Belgian government spent 9.1% of its GDP on pensions and 7.1% on health care expenses in 2005. By 2050 total social spending is expected to increase by 5.8%, assuming there is no change in the age of retirement. Most of this higher social spending comes from pension and health care, rising by 3.9% to 13.0% of GDP and 3.7% to 10.8% of GDP respectively.[citation needed]
The decline in the workforce will partly compensate by lowering unemployment which will in turn lower the cost of childcare.[9] The IMF also predicts that by 2050 the percentage of Belgian population over the age of 65 will increase from 16% to 25%.[10]
France
Main article: Demographics of FranceFrance overtook Ireland as the European Union member state with the highest birth-rate in 2007.[11] Projected birth rates indicate that France will have the largest population in the EU by 2050, with 75 million citizens, ahead of Germany.[12] In 2011, France was the only European Union member with a fertility rate at replacement level, with an average rate of 2.08 children per woman while Ireland's fertility rate declined to 2.01 children per woman, slightly below replacement level.[13]
"The total fertility rate (TFR) fell to 1.99 children per woman in 2013 from 2.01 in 2012 and 2.03 in 2010. A rate of 2.1 children per woman is considered necessary to keep the population growing excluding migration."[14][full citation needed]
Germany
Main articles: Germans, Demographics of Germany and Social issues in GermanyPopulation of German territories 1800–2000 and immigrant population from 1975 to 2000
With 82 million inhabitants in January 2010,[15] Germany is the most populous country in the European Union. However, its fertility rate of 1.42 children per woman is one of the lowest in the world,[13] and the federal statistics office estimates the population will shrink to between 65 and 70 million by 2060 (65 million assuming a net migration of +100,000 per year; 70 million assuming a net migration of +200,000 per year).[16] With death rates continuously exceeding low-level birth rates, Germany is one of a few countries for which the demographic transition model would require a fifth stage in order to capture its demographic development.[17] In Germany, the population in some regions, especially the former Communist East, is undergoing a current decline and depopulization. The Bauhaus Dessau Foundation came up with comprehensive plans to tear down numerous buildings and replace them with parks in various cities[7] and the Government of Germany developed a plan to reduce at great expense the width of sewer pipes in various cities. The southern states however have net gain in population and Germany as the economic powerhouse of the EU is attracting immigrants overall.
Italy
Main article: Demographics of ItalyItaly will need to raise its retirement age to 77 or admit 2.2 million immigrants annually to maintain its worker to retiree ratio.[18] About 25% of Italian women do not have children while another 25% only have one child.
The region of Liguria in northwestern Italy now has the highest ratio of elderly to youth in the world. Ten percent of Liguria's schools closed in the first decade of the 21st century. The city of Genoa, one of Italy's largest and the capital of Liguria, is declining faster than most European cities with a death rate of 13.7 deaths per 1,000 people, almost twice the birth rate, 7.7 births per 1,000 people, as of 2005.[citation needed]
The Italian government has tried to limit and reverse the trend by offering financial incentives to couples who have children, and by increasing immigration. While fertility has remained stagnant, immigration has minimised the drop in the workforce.[19]
Portugal
Main article: Demographics of PortugalPortugal's population census of 1994 found that 13.1% of the population was above the age of 65. Average life expectancy for Portuguese increased by eight years between the 1980s and the first decade of the 21st century.[20]
In the 1960s life expectancy for men ranked comparatively low in relation to other Western European nations, with 61.2 years for men and 67.5 years for women. As of 2006, the average for both sexes was at 77.7 years. In 1999 demographers predicted the percentage of elderly Portuguese would increase to 16.2% and 17.6% in 2010.[21]
Recent studies in the newspaper "Público" showed that the population may shrink to 7.5 millions (−29% of the current population, −0.7% of average populational growth per year) in 2050, if the fertility rate continues at 1.45 children/woman; taking into account the almost stationary emigration due to the economic crisis.[citation needed] In 2011, Portugal's fertility rate reached 1.51 children per woman, stemming the decline in the nation's fertility rate, although it is still below replacement level.[13]
Spain
Main article: Demographics of SpainIn 1970, Spain's TFR, 2.9 children per woman, ranked second in Western Europe after Republic of Ireland's 3.9 children per woman. By 1993 Spanish fertility declined to 1.26 children per woman, the second lowest after Italy.[citation needed]
In 1999, Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros, Juan Díez-Nicolás, and Antonio Ruiz-Torres of Autónoma University in Madrid published a study on Spain's demography, predicting life expectancy of 77.7 for males and 83.8 for females by 2020.[22] Arup Banerji and economist Mukesh Chawla of the World Bank predicted in July 2007 that half of Spain's population will be older than 55 by 2050, giving Spain the highest median age of any nation in the world.
In recent years, Spain's fertility rate has grown from 1.15 children per woman in 2000 to 1.48 in 2011.[13]
United Kingdom
Main article: Demography of the United KingdomThe UK had a fertility rate of 1.94 in 2008 according to World Bank and a rate of 1.92 children per woman in 2010 according to the CIA Factbook.[13][23] The second highest fertility rate of the European powers just below France at 2. It is expected that the United Kingdom's population will rise to 76.8 million by 2050.[24]
The Russian Federation
Main articles: Demographics of Russia and Russian CrossPopulation (in millions) of Russia 1950 – January 2010.
The current Russian total fertility rate of 1.7 children per woman.[25] While this represents an increase over previous rates, it remains sub-replacement fertility, below the replacement rate of 2.10 - 2.14.
The population of the Russian Federation declined from its peak of 148,689,000 in 1991, to about 143 million people in 2013, a 4% decline. The World Bank predicted in 2005 that the population was set to decrease to 111 million by 2050, a 22% decline, if trends did not improve.[26] The United Nations similarly warned that the population could decline by one third by mid-century.[27]
In 2006 a national programme was developed with a goal to reverse the decline by 2020. A study published shortly after in 2007 showed that the rate of population decrease had slowed: According to the study, deaths exceeded births by 1.3 times, down from 1.5 times in the previous year, thus, if the net decrease in January–August 2006 was 408,200 people, in the same period during 2007 it was 196,600. The decline continued to slow in 2008 with only half the population loss compared to 2007. The reversal continued at the same pace in 2009 as death rates continued to fall, birth rates continued to rise and net migration stayed steady at about 250,000; in 2009 Russia saw population growth for the first time in 15 years.[28][29]
2000 | −586,000 |
2001 | −655,000 |
2002 | −685,000 |
2003 | −796,000 |
2004 | −694,000 |
2005 | −720,000 |
2006 | −554,000 |
2007 | −212,100 |
2008 | −121,400 |
2009 | +23,300 |
The trend in the number of births and deaths 1992–2010.
The number of Russians living in poverty has halved since the economic crisis following the breakup of the Soviet Union, and the improving economy has had a positive impact on the country's low birth-rate, as it rose from its lowest point of 8.27 births per 1000 people in 1999 to 11.28 per 1000 in 2007.[15][32] Russian Ministry of Economic Development hopes that by 2020 the population will stabilise at 138–139 million, and that by 2025 it will begin to increase again to its present-day status of 142–145, also raising the life expectancy to 75 years.[33]
The two leading causes of death in Russia are heart disease and stroke, accounting for about 52% of all deaths.[34] While cardiovascular disease-related deaths decreased in Japan, North America, and Western Europe between 1965 and 2001, in Russia CVD deaths increased by 25% for women and 65% for men.
The percentage of infertile, married couples rose to 13% in the first decade of the 21st century, partially due to poorly performed abortions. According to expert Murray Feshbach 10–20% of women who have abortions in Russia are made infertile, though according to the 2002 census, only about 6–7% of women have not had children by the end of their reproductive years.[35][36]
Provincial governments have begun offering special incentives to couples who procreate. In 2005 Sergei Morozov, the Governor of Ulyanovsk, made 12 September a provincial holiday, the "Day of Conception," on which couples are given half of the work day off to copulate.
Mothers who give birth on 12 June, Russia's national day, are rewarded with money and expensive consumer items. In the first round of the competition 311 women participated and 46 babies were born on the following 12 June. Over 500 women participated in the second round in 2006 and 78 gave birth. The province's birth rate rose 4.5% between 2006 and 2007.[37]
Large-scale immigration is suggested as a solution to declining workforces in western nations, but according to the BBC, would be unacceptable to most Russians. Organizations like the World Health Organization and the UN have called on the Russian government to take the problem more seriously, stressing that a number of simple measures such as raising the price of alcohol or forcing people to wear seat belts might make a lasting difference.[27] In January 2010, in an effort to combat bootlegged vodka, the government set a minimum price for vodka, more than doubling the cost of the cheapest vodka on the market which is often much more hazardous to consume than legal vodka.[38]
Then-President Vladimir Putin said in a state of the nation address that "no sort of immigration will solve Russia's demographic problem". Yevgeny Krasinyev, head of migration studies at the state-run Institute of Social and Economic Population Studies in Moscow, said Russia should only accept immigrants from the Commonwealth of Independent States, a view echoed by Alexander Belyakov, the head of the Duma's Resources Committee.
Migration in Russia grew by 50.2% in 2007, and an additional 2.7% in 2008, helping stem the population decline. Migrants to Russia primarily come from CIS states and are Russians or Russian speakers.[39] Thousands of migrant workers from Ukraine, Moldova, and the rest of the CIS have also entered Russia illegally, working but avoiding taxes.[40] There are an estimated 10 million illegal immigrants from the ex-Soviet states in Russia.[41]
Regions
Central Europe and the Former USSR
Main articles: Demographics of Georgia (country) and Demographics of UkraineThe World Bank issued a report on 20 June 2007, "From Red To Grey: 'The Third Transition' of Aging Populations In central Europe and the Former Soviet Union," predicting that between 2007 and 2027 the populations of Georgia and Ukraine will decrease by 17% and 24% respectively.[42] The World Bank estimates the population of 65 or older citizens in Poland and Slovenia will increase from 13% to 21% and 16% to 24% respectively between 2005 and 2025
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ageing_of_Europe
Tako ću vas izbrisat s mape da je to milina ...A JEL ZNATE ZAŠTO ?
ZATO ŠTA SE DEMONI HRANE VAŠIM EGOM.
VI STE NJIHOV DORUCAK , RUCAK I VECERA.
IMA DA VAS OGLOĐAJU DO KOSTI.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
JEL TO JE SAMO EGO ...OCI BI KOPALE ONOME TKO VAM UZME DJECU JER JE TO 100 % VAŠE PLUS MUŠKI JOŠ MORA PLACAT PENALE ....JER STE VI STE KRALJICE ...POSEBNE ....IZNAD OSTALIH ....GOSPODARICE .....NICEGA.
COOMING SOON.
COOMING SOON.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Gadite mi se al istinski. Vi niste niti ljudi nego SOJ.
I KOLIKO POSTO OD DJECE PO VAMA IMA MUŠKI PRAVO ?
JESTE SE DOGOVORILE ?
I KOLIKO POSTO OD DJECE PO VAMA IMA MUŠKI PRAVO ?
JESTE SE DOGOVORILE ?
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
VI STE DNO , SMEĆE , OBRAZ SAMO TAKVI , KO SVEMIR , O EGU DA NITI NE PRICAM.
JEDNO NAJOBICNIJE SMECE.
OCI BI KOPALE TKO VAMA TO RADI A VI TO RADITE DRUGOME I JOŠ SE ŽALITE KAD VAM NETKO KAŽE DA VAMA TREBA KOPAT OCI JER OCETE SVE,
SMRADE.
JEDNO NAJOBICNIJE SMECE.
OCI BI KOPALE TKO VAMA TO RADI A VI TO RADITE DRUGOME I JOŠ SE ŽALITE KAD VAM NETKO KAŽE DA VAMA TREBA KOPAT OCI JER OCETE SVE,
SMRADE.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
neRayMabus wrote:Ko kuca vam je ego velik.
ko neboder
neva- Posts : 4367
2014-04-12
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
Tko prizna pola mu se prašta.r_nevjesta wrote:neRayMabus wrote:Ko kuca vam je ego velik.
ko neboder
NIje na meni da vrijeđam nepoznate osobe s druge strane žice AL NETKO VAM TO MORA RECI U LICE : GOVNA STE.
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
Re: Centar za mirovne studije. Žene u Kohlnu su žrtve neoliberalnog kapitalizma a ne imigranata
KAD NEŠTO TRAŽIŠ OD NEKOGA ONDA TO PRVO PRIMJENI NA SEBI.
DAKLE KOLIKO MUŠKI IMA PRAVO NA DJECU ?
DAKLE KOLIKO MUŠKI IMA PRAVO NA DJECU ?
RayMabus- Posts : 184105
2014-04-11
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