Zemlja 2.0

'PRONAŠLI SMO DRUGU ZEMLJU!' NASA na izvanrednoj presici objavila spektakularno otkriće u dubokom svemiru

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  Umjetnički prikaz Keplera 452b
  NASA
  

Autor: Portal Jutarnji.hr
Objavljeno: prije 21 h i 39 min

NASA je na današnjoj izvanrednoj konferenciji za novinare priopćila kako je otkriven do sada najsličniji planet našoj Zemlji.

- Danas, tisućama otkrića kasnije astronomi su na pragu pronalaska nečega o čemu su ljudi sanjali tisućama godina - druge Zemlje - najavljeno je u NASA-inom priopćenju neposredno prije same konferencije.
Novi je planet izvan našeg zvjezdanog sustava otkrio teleskop Kepler koji 'u stažu' već sada ima preko 1000 otkrivenih planeta.

Kepler je NASA-in program otkrivanja egzoplaneta uz pomoć istoimenog svemirskog teleskopa. Ime je dobio u čast njemačkog astronoma Johannesa Keplera.
Lansiran 7. ožujka 2009. raketom Delta II, očekivano trajanje misije je najmanje tri i pol godine. Teleskop koristi svjetlomjer kojim kontinuirano prati sjaj preko 145.000 zvijezda.
Podaci prikupljeni tijekom ovih promatranja analiziraju se kako bi se otkrila periodična kolebanja koja upućuju na postojanje egzoplaneta.
Na današnjoj su konferenciji sudjelovali John Grunsfeld, bivši astronaut i suradnik u NASA-inoj Upravi za znanstvene misije, Jon Jenkins, analitičar podataka s teleskopa Kepler u NASA-inom centru Ames, Jeff Coughlin, znanstvenik s instituta SETI, te Didier Queloz, profesor astrofizike na Sveučilištu Cambridge.
- Danas smo napravili mali korak prema odgovoru na pitanje 'jesmo li sami u svemiru?'. Usto, zahvaljujući teleskopu Kepler možemo otkriti planet koji se nalazi unutar naseljive zone, to jest udaljenosti od matične zvijezde koja podržava tekuću vodu - kazao je John Grunsfeld.
Teleskop Kepler omogućio je znanstvenicima veliko veselje otkrićem planeta Kepler 452B.
- Danas objavljujemo pronalazak planeta koji je jako blizak rođak Zemlje. Zasad najbliži. To je Zemlja 2.0 - izjavio je Grunsfeld.
Riječ je o planetu koji je 1,5 puta veći od Zemlje pa je vjerojatno stjenovit. Osim toga, idealne je udaljenosti od svoje zvijezde pa je vjerojatno naseljiv. Veličina njegove orbite jako je slična Zemljinoj, a njegov sunčev sustav vrlo je sličan našem. Kepler 452B je star šest milijardi godina te prima deset posto više energije od svoje zvijezde nego Zemlja od Sunca - opisao je ukratko otkriće Jon Jenkins.
Dodao je kako Kepler 452b, zahvaljujući svom dugom boravku u naseljivoj zoni svoje zvijezde, može održavati život ili ga je u jednom trenu čak i održavao. Zanimljivo je kako je duljina godine kod Keplera 452b slična Zemljinoj - 385 dana.

Zanimljivosti, međutim, tu ne prestaju.
- Geolozi su analizirali podatke i ustvrdili da postoji mogućnost da na površini planeta postoje aktivni vulkani. Kepler 452B je prvi stjenoviti možda naseljivi planet uz zvijezdu sličnu Suncu - istaknuo je Coughlin, a na njega se nastavio Jenkins naglasivši kako bi biljke vjerojatno mogle održavati fotosintezu.
Kepler 452b se nalazi 1400 svjetlosnih godina od našeg Sunca što znači da ga nećemo tako brzo posjetiti.
- To je prvi korak čovječanstva, vi i ja možda nećemo putovati na te planete, ali naša djeca i unuci hoće. To nam pruža nešto čemu možemo stremiti - kazao je Coughlin.
Najvažnije pitanje, to jest odgovor, ipak je donio malo razočaranja.
- Nažalost, ne postoje dokazi da na tom planetu postoji život. Keplerov posao je stvaranje slika planeta, on ne može toliko temeljito pregledavati planet. Za to je potrebna napredna tehnologija i instrumenti koji bi vjerojatno morali biti u orbiti. Kepler nam otkriva postoje li drugi svjetovi, a mi potom možemo tražiti biološke tragove i znakove života drugim oruđima - zaključio je Jenkins.


http://www.jutarnji.hr/nasa-predstavila-otkrice--zemlje-2-0---mi-ju-vjerojatno-nikada-necemo-vidjeti--ali-nasa-djeca-bi-mogla----/1387689/

Ne znam. Vidio sam danas komentar g. Korlevića o ovoj temi koji mi je razumljiv. Učili su nas da ono što vidimo gore da je zapravo daleka prošlost. Taj planet je nešto što će, kako je to objasnio g. Korlević, biti naša Zemlja u budućnosti.

red wolf wrote:Ne znam. Vidio sam danas komentar g. Korlevića o ovoj temi koji mi je razumljiv. Učili su nas da ono što vidimo gore da je zapravo daleka prošlost. Taj planet je nešto što će, kako je to objasnio g. Korlević, biti naša Zemlja u budućnosti.

pa ako je udaljen 1400 svjetlosnih godina onda vidis planet kakav je bio prije 1400 godina

Pajlot..WARP 9..!!!

ESO Discovers Earth-Size Planet in Habitable Zone of Nearest Star

This artist’s impression shows a view of the surface of the planet Proxima b orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the solar system. The double star Alpha Centauri AB also appears in the image. Proxima b is a little more massive than the Earth and orbits in the habitable zone around Proxima Centauri, where the temperature is suitable for liquid water to exist on its surface.
Credits: ESO/M. Kornmesser

A newly discovered, roughly Earth-sized planet orbiting our nearest neighboring star might be habitable, according to a team of astronomers using the European Southern Observatory's 3.6-meter telescope at La Silla, Chile, along with other telescopes around the world.
The exoplanet is at a distance from its star that allows temperatures mild enough for liquid water to pool on its surface.
"NASA congratulates ESO on the discovery of this intriguing planet that has captured the hopes and the imagination of the world," says Paul Hertz, Astrophysics Division Director at NASA Headquarters, Washington. "We look forward to learning more about the planet, whether it holds ingredients that could make it suitable for life." 
The new planet circles Proxima Centauri, the smallest member of a triple star system known to science fiction fans everywhere as Alpha Centauri. Just over 4 light-years away, Proxima is the closest star to Earth, besides our own sun. 
"This is really a game-changer in our field," said Olivier Guyon, a planet-hunting affiliate at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and associate professor at the University of Arizona, Tucson. "The closest star to us has a possible rocky planet in the habitable zone. That's a huge deal. It also boosts the already existing, mounting body of evidence that such planets are near, and that several of them are probably sitting quite close to us. This is extremely exciting."
The science team that made the discovery, led by Guillem Anglada-Escudé of Queen Mary University of London, will publish its findings Aug. 25 in the journal Nature. The team traced subtle wobbles in the star revealing, the presence of a star-tugging planet.
They determined that the new planet, dubbed Proxima b, is at least 1.3 times the mass of Earth. It orbits its star far more closely than Mercury orbits our sun, taking only 11 days to complete a single orbit -- a "year" on Proxima b.
Long list of unknowns
The stunning announcement comes with plenty of caveats. While the new planet lies within its star's "habitable zone" -- a distance at which temperatures are right for liquid water -- scientists do not yet know if the planet has an atmosphere.
It also orbits a red-dwarf star, far smaller and cooler than our sun. The planet likely presents only one face to its star, as the moon does to Earth, instead of rotating through our familiar days and nights. And Proxima b could be subject to potentially life-extinguishing stellar flares.
"That's the worry in terms of habitability," said Scott Gaudi, an astronomy professor at Ohio State University, Columbus, and JPL affiliate credited with numerous exoplanet discoveries. "This thing is being bombarded by a fair amount of high-energy radiation. It's not obvious if it's going to have a magnetic field strong enough to prevent its whole atmosphere from getting blown away. But those are really hard calculations, and I certainly wouldn't put my money either way on that."
Despite the unknowns, the discovery was hailed by NASA exoplanet hunters as a major milestone on the road to finding other possible life-bearing worlds within our stellar neighborhood.
"It definitely gives us something to be excited about," said Sara Seager, a planetary science and physics professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, and an exoplanet-hunting pioneer. "I think it will definitely motivate people to get moving."
'Not completely unexpected'
Statistical surveys of exoplanets -- planets orbiting other stars -- by NASA's Kepler space telescope have revealed a large proportion of small planets around small stars, she said.
The Kepler data suggest we should expect at least one potentially habitable, Earth-size planet orbiting M-type stars, like Proxima, within 10 light-years of our solar system.
So the latest discovery was "not completely unexpected. We're more lucky than surprised," Seager said. But it "helps buoy our confidence that planets are everywhere."
It's especially encouraging for upcoming space telescopes, which can contribute to the study of the new planet. The James Webb Space Telescope, launching in 2018, may be able to follow-up on this planet with spectroscopy to determine the contents of its atmosphere. NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will find similar planets in the habitable zone in the stellar backyard of our solar system in 2018.
One of TESS's goals is to find planets orbiting nearby M-dwarf stars like Proxima Centauri.
"It's great news just to know that M-dwarf planets could be as common as we think they are," Seager said.
Another possible inspiration Proxima b could reignite: the admittedly far-off goal of sending a probe to another solar system.
Bill Borucki, an exoplanet pioneer, said the new discovery might inspire more interstellar research, especially if Proxima b proves to have an atmosphere.
Coming generations of space and ground-based telescopes, including large ground telescopes now under construction, could yield more information about the planet, perhaps inspiring ideas on how to pay it a visit.
"It may be that the first time we get really good information is from the newer telescopes that may be coming online in a decade or two," said Borucki, now retired, the former principal investigator for Kepler, which has discovered the bulk of the more than 3,300 exoplanets found so far.
"Maybe people will talk about sending a probe to that star system," Borucki said. "I think it does provide some inspiration for an interstellar mission, because now we know there is a planet in the habitable zone, probably around the mass of Earth, around the closest star. I think it does inspire a future effort to go there and check it out."
To read the ESO press release, visit:
To learn more about NASA's Exoplanet Program, visit:
Elizabeth Landau
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
818-354-6425
elizabeth.landau@jpl.nasa.gov
Written by Pat Brennan
NASA Exoplanet Program
2016-218
Last Updated: Aug. 25, 2016
Editor: Tony Greicius

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